THE AFRICAN AMERICANS: MANY RIVERS TO CROSS
Episode Three: Into the Fire

A Film by Kunhardt McGee Productions
and Inkwell Films
In Association with Ark Media

Director/Producer
Jamila Wignot

Senior Producer
Rachel Dretzin

Executive Producers
Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
Peter Kunhardt
Dyllan McGee

 

EDITOR

KIM MIILLE

 

SENIOR STORY PRODUCER

LESLIE ASAKO GLADSJO

 

CO-PRODUCER

LEAH R. WILLIAMS

 

WRITTEN BY

HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR.

 

ORIGINAL SCORE BY

PAUL BRILL

 

CLOSING THEME BY

WYNTON MARSALIS

 

DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY

GRAHAM SMITH

 

DIRECTOR OF MOTION GRAPHICS

BRIAN OAKES

 

DIRECTORS OF STILLS GRAPHICS

ANDY CAHILL
CHRIS KING

 

RESEARCHER

STEPHEN ROBINSON

 

HENRY LOUIS GATES’ WARDROBE

MAURICE SEDWELL

BESPOKE TAILORS

SAVILE ROW, LONDON

 

THE ANDOVER SHOP

CAMBRIDGE, MA

 

SUPERVISING PRODUCERS

REBECCA BRILLHART

TIMOTHY MESSLER

 

ARCHIVAL PRODUCER

AMY BRILLHART

 

POST PRODUCTION SUPERVISOR

STEPHEN ALTOBELLO

 

LINE PRODUCER

STEF GORDON

 

SUPERVISING EDITOR

NANCY NOVACK

 

SENIOR RESEARCHERS

DONALD YACOVONE

MARIAL IGLESIAS YUTSET

 

ARCHIVAL CONSULTANT

AMY SCHEWEL

 

ADDITIONAL WRITING

PAUL TAYLOR

 

ADDITIONAL CAMERA

STEPHEN MCCARTHY

GREGORY BRUTUS

SCOTT SHELLEY

SAMUEL RUSSELL

BOYD ESTUS

MELANIE CARR

 

SOUND RECORDIST

MARK MANDLER

 

ADDITIONAL SOUND

STEVE BORES

LEN SCHMITZ

FRANCIS X. COAKLEY

 

GAFFER

CHRIS GORMAN

 

GRAPHIC DESIGN AND ANIMATION

CHRISTOPHER CHUANG

JOE POSNER

JESSICA HUTCHISON

DANIEL RENDA

 

GRAPHICS PRODUCER

EVA LIPMAN

 

ASSISTANT EDITORS

BRITTANY KAPLAN

STEVEN J. GOLLIDAY

CHRIS KING

MARISA BERGQUIST

GIANCARLO BALDINO

RYAN DILTS

LISA GROSS

TOVAH LIEBOWITZ

RYAN WESTPHAL

 

ONLINE EDITOR

CHRIS CONNOLLY

 

VO ENGINEERS

KEVIN MCLAUGHLIN

CHARLES ESPOSITO

 

SOUND EFFECTS

PHILIP DESLOOVERE

RICHARD FAIRBANKS

 

FOLEY ARTIST

BRIAN VANCHO

 

SOUND RE-RECORDING

RICHARD FAIRBANKS

 

TRANSCRIPTION

CLK TRANSCRIPTION, INC.

 

MUSIC CLEARANCE

HANNAH OLSON

 

ADDITIONAL MUSIC BY

ELIZABETH ZIMAN

NEIL CLEARY

 

OFFICE PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS

RAYMOND CHIU

SALIM HASBINI

ALISTAIR MACKAY

 

PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS

NICOLE BOZORGMIR

BRITTANY CLEMONS

FARLEY CRAWFORD

CARMEN ESTEVES

LOGAN MILLER

MICHAEL KEENE

 

INTERNS

MAX BLOOM

JESSIE BOAS

THEA CHALONER

CARLY CIRICILLO

ELON COOK

OLIVER DUNNE

ADAM GOLUB

MARISSA GOUVERNE

SAMANTHA GOWDA

AISSA GUEYE

RACHEL HAWATMEH

MARY MIRZAMANI

DANIEL MOISOFF

KELLY NGUYEN

COLIN WELCH

RYAN DOUBIAGO

E. GORDON BERROA

DANIEL SZNAJDERMAN

 

ADVISORS

BILL ANDREWS, UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA

HERMAN L. BENNETT, CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK

IRA BERLIN, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

DAVID BINDMAN, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF LONDON

DAVID W. BLIGHT, YALE UNIVERSITY

VINCENT BROWN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

CLAYBORNE CARSON, STANFORD UNIVERSITY

LAURENT DUBOIS, DUKE UNIVERSITY

BRENT EDWARDS, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

DAVID ELTIS, EMORY UNIVERSITY

ERIC FONER, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

GLENDA GILMORE, YALE UNIVERSITY

STEVEN HAHN, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

EVELYNN HAMMONDS, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

LINDA M. HEYWOOD, BOSTON UNIVERSITY

EVELYN BROOKS HIGGINBOTHAM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

DARLENE CLARK HINE, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

THOMAS HOLT, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

GERALD HORNE, UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON

WALTER JOHNSON, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

PENIEL JOSEPH, TUFTS UNIVERSITY

ROBIN D.G. KELLEY, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

JANE LANDERS, VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY

JILL LEPORE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

INGRID MONSON, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

PHILIP MORGAN, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

SUSAN O’DONOVAN, UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS

ANNETTE GORDON REED, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

EVA SHEPPARD WOLF, SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY

JOHN STAUFFER, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

PATRICIA A. SULLIVAN, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA

JAMES H. SWEET, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN

JOHN THORNTON, BOSTON UNIVERSITY

STEPHEN TUCK, OXFORD UNIVERSITY

 

ADDITIONAL RESEARCH

KEITH WELDON MEDLEY

 

ARCHIVES

ABC STUDIOS / DISNEY – ABC / GETTY MOTION

ARCHIVE FILMS: CREATIVE / GETTY MOTION

 

ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SERVICES DIVISION, MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY

ARTHUR JOHN HUNEKE

BEINECKE RARE BOOK AND MANUSCRIPT LIBRARY, YALE UNIVERSITY

THE BRIDGEMAN ART LIBRARY

CASEMATE MUSEUM

CORBIS IMAGES

CORBIS MOTION

THE CROWE FAMILY

FLORIDA MEMORY COLLECTION, STATE ARCHIVES OF FLORIDA

GEORGIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY

HAGLEY MUSEUM AND LIBRARY

HAMPTON UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES

HARPERS FERRY NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK

HENRICO COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY

HOWARD UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES

JAMES E. AND JOAN SINGER SCHIELE PRINT COLLECTION AT WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, ST. LOUIS

KANSAS STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, KANSAS MEMORY COLLECTION

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

LINCOLN FOUNDATION FOR THE UNION LEAGUE OF PHILADELPHIA

LISE LORBER, JEFFERSON DAVIS PAPERS AT RICE UNIVERSITY

LOUISIANA DIGITAL LIBRARY

MCCORD MUSEUM – QUEBEC

MEMPHIS AND SHELBY COUNTY ROOM, MEMPHIS PUBLIC LIBRARY & INFORMATION CENTER

MILBURN CROWE PHOTOGRAPHY COLLECTION, DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES

MILITARY AND HISTORICAL IMAGE BANK, PAINTING BY DON TROIANI

MITCHELL ARCHIVES

MOORLAND-SPINGARN RESEARCH CENTER, HOWARD UNIVERSITY

NATIONAL ARCHIVES

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NAVAL HISTORICAL FOUNDATION

NAVAL HISTORY AND HERITAGE COMMAND

THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY

NOVA SCOTIA ARCHIVES

OLD COURTHOUSE MUSEUM, VICKSBURG, MS

PENN SCHOOL COLLECTION AT THE UNC-CHAPEL HILL WILSON LIBRARY

PICTURE HISTORY

SCHOMBURG CENTER, THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY

SOUTHERN HISTORICAL COLLECTION, WILSON LIBRARY, THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL

STATE ARCHIVES OF FLORIDA, FLORIDA MEMORY COLLECTION

STATE LIBRARY OF MASSACHUSETTS SPECIAL COLLECTIONS DEPARTMENT
SKYWORKS, LTD.

THOMAS H. AND JOAN GANDY PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION, LOUISIANA AND LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY COLLECTIONS, LSU LIBRARIES, BATON ROUGE, LA

VALENTINE RICHMOND HISTORY CENTER

VANISHING GEORGIA COLLECTION,THE GEORGIA ARCHIVES

WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES, DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

WGBH MEDIA LIBRARY & ARCHIVES

WITHOUT SANCTUARY COLLECTION, NATIONAL CENTER FOR CIVIL AND HUMAN RIGHTS

W.W. LAW AND THE SAVANNAH YAMACRAW BRANCH, ASSOCIATION OF THE STUDY OF AFRO-AMERICAN LIFE AND HISTORY

 

SPECIAL THANKS

AFRICAN AMERICAN CIVIL WAR MEMORIAL & MUSEUM

BRIERFIELD AND HURRICANE PLANTATIONS

COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, FORT MONROE AUTHORITY, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, US ARMY

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, MOUND BAYOU, MS

FORT SUMTER NATIONAL MONUMENT

FROGMORE PLANTATION, FROGMORE, LA

GREEN-MELDRIM HOUSE

GREG’S ANTIQUES

HAMPTON UNIVERSITY

HARPERS FERRY NATIONAL HISTORIC PARK

LE MUSÉE DE F.P.C.

MADAME JOHN’S LEGACY, LOUISIANA STATE MUSEUM

POINT OF PINES PLANTATION

PRESIDENT LINCOLN’S COTTAGE

REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY, NEW ORLEANS, LA

SEABROOK PLANTATION

SOUTH CAROLINA STATE HOUSE

THE WICKLIFFE HOUSE

 

AND

 

MICHAEL ALLEN

JERI ARAZIE

DAINA RAMEY BERRY

GEORGE AND YOLANDA BOWMAN

DENNIS CANNADY

PEARL M. CANTRELLE

KIRK COMARDELLE

LYNDA CRIST

JOHN DALE

PETER DALE

EOLA DANCE

SHARON EZZELDIN

PHOEBE FERGUSON

LIZA GATES

MAGGIE GATES

ADAM GOODHEART

AMY GOSDANIAN

JEFFREY S. GOSSETT

ALEXANDER GREEN, JR.

LARA GRIFFITHS

MICHELLE HAMMER

AARON HATLEY

VICTOR HAWKINS

BERNARD HICKS

KENNETH F. HODGES

MEG HOYLE

JILL JAWORSKI

KENNEDY V. JOHNSON

DAWN M. KEES

CAROL W. KNAUFF

JACKSON KNOWLES

ANNE LIPSCOMB-WEBSTER

KAREN-KAIA LIVERS

HILARY MALSON

RACHEL MANN

REX MARSHALL

DONZELLA MAUPIN

JOHN AND BONNIE MCELL

MOLLY B. MCDONALD

BEVERLY S. MCKENNA

JIM MELTON

MARCI MESSENGER

YURI RODGERS MILLIGAN

HELEN BOULWARE MOORE

RICK MOSTELLER

GREGORY OSBORN

HILLARY RIDER

EULAH L. PETERSON

REVEREND CLEMENTA PINCKNEY

JEFF POWLEY

JANE W. PRESSLY

JAMES S. PRICE

NOAH B. REEVES

DAVIS ROGAN

PAUL SANCHEZ

GRETCHEN SMITH

LYNETTE TANNER

PHYLLIS TERRELL

BARBARA TREVIGNE

CHRISTINA TURNER

ANNIE VARNER-WHITE

DARRELL S. WHITE

HEATHER ANDREA WILLIAMS

ABBY WOLF

 

 

FOR KUNHARDT MCGEE

 

CO-PRODUCER

GEORGE KUNHARDT

TEDDY KUNHARDT

 

SENIOR RESEARCHER

JILL COWAN

 

BUSINESS AFFAIRS

MARY FARLEY

 

GENERAL COUNSEL

DREW PATRICK

 

ASSOCIATE PRODUCER

JAIME SUKONNIK

 

PRODUCTION ASSISTANT

MATTHEW GOLDMAN

 

 

FOR THIRTEEN

COORDINATING PRODUCER

STEPHANIE CARTER

 

BUDGET CONTROLLER

REKHA MENON

LEGAL

ODELL NAILS

 

EDITOR

MICHAEL WEINGRAD

 

PRODUCTION ASSISTANT

RACHEL HARTMAN

 

ADDITIONAL AUDIO

JON BERMAN

 

PUBLICITY

KELLIE SPECTER

HARRY FORBES

DONNA WILLIAMS

LINDSEY BERNSTEIN

SUNSHINE SACHS

FOR WNET

 

DIRECTOR PROGRAMMING OPERATIONS

JANE BUCKWALTER

 

EXECUTIVE IN CHARGE

STEPHEN SEGALLER

EXECUTIVE PRODUCER

JULIE ANDERSON