15 Cents on the Dollar: Wealth Gap Between Black & White Americans, Explained

>>> THIS WEEK, THE UNITED STATES IS MARKING JUNETEENTH.

NEARLY 160 YEARS LATER, THE FINANCIAL INEQUALITY BETWEEN AFRICAN AMERICANS AND THEIR WHITE PEERS REMAINS STARK.

AS OUR NEXT GUESTS LAY OUT IN THEIR NEW BOOK, "FIFTEEN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR: HOW AMERICANS MADE THE BLACK-WHITE WEALTH GAP."

THE CO-AUTHORS DISCUSS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO CLOSING THAT GAP.

>> THANKS.

LOUISE STORY, EBONY REED, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

YOUR BOOK IS CALLED "FIFTEEN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR: HOW AMERICANS MADE THE BLACK-WHITE WEALTH GAP."

EBONY, LET ME START WITH YOU.

EXPLAIN THAT PHRASE.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING US.

15 CENTS IS THE TYPICAL AMOUNT OF WEALTH A BLACK FAMILY HAS IN AMERICA FOR EVERY $1 A TYPICAL WHITE FAMILY HAS.

THIS IS DATA FROM THE FEDERAL RESERVE.

>> LOUISE, WHY WRITE THE STORY IN THE FIRST PLACE?

>> EBONY AND I WERE WORKING TOGETHER AT "THE WALL STREET JOURNAL" IN THE SUMMER OF 2020.

AS COLLEAGUES AND AS FRIENDS, WE STARTED HAVING MANY OF THE SAME CONVERSATIONS I'M SURE YOU HAD AND MANY PEOPLE YOU KNOW HAD, WHICH IS, WOW, WHERE DO THINGS STAND ON RACE TODAY?

IN PARTICULAR SINCE WE WERE AT "THE WALL STREET JOURNAL," WHERE DO THINGS STAND ON RACE AND MONEY?

WE READ BOOKS TOGETHER.

WE LOOKED UP DATA.

I WILL NEVER FORGET WHEN WE CAME UP WITH HOW MANY CENTS ON THE DOLLAR IT WAS, I CALLED UP EBONY AND I SAID, DID YOU REALIZE THIS FIGURE?

WE THOUGHT IT WAS FASCINATING.

WE FOUND OUT BY LOOKING AROUND THAT THERE WAS NOT A BOOK THROUGH HISTORY.

IT DIDN'T EXIST.

WE DECIDED WE WERE THE PERFECT PAIR TO WRITE IT.

>> LOUISE, I CAN UNDERSTAND THE CONTEXT OF WHAT WAS HAPPENING WITH THE PANDEMIC AND THE MURDER OF GEORGE FLOYD, WHY IT WAS IMPORTANT TO THINK ABOUT THAT.

THERE'S A WEALTH GAP.

WHAT WAS FASCINATING TO YOU ABOUT THE DIMENSION OF RACE IN THIS?

>> ACTUALLY, THERE'S A MORE SEVERE WEALTH GAP AMONG RACES THAN THERE ARE JUST AMONG WHITE AMERICANS.

YOU ARE CORRECT, THERE'S A DISTRIBUTIONAL AFFECT THAT AFFECTS ALL PEOPLE.

THERE'S A WEALTH GAP AMONG WHITE AMERICANS.

BUT WHEN YOU LOOK AT WHITE VERSUS BLACK AMERICANS AT EVERY INCOME LEVEL, THERE IS A WEALTH GAP.

WHITE AMERICANS, EVEN THOSE WHO HAVE LESS MONEY THAN THE RICHEST WHITE AMERICANS, STILL HAVE MORE WEALTH COMPARED TO BLACK AMERICANS WITH THE SAME INCOME.

FRANKLY, THAT WAS FASCINATING TO ME, BECAUSE I GREW UP IN THE 1980s.

I REMEMBER WHEN MARTIN LUTHER KING DAY BECAME A HOLIDAY IN THE SAME SORT OF CELEBRATORY WAY AS JUNETEENTH BECAME A HOLIDAY.

I GREW UP HEARING THAT THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT HAD WORKED AND THAT THINGS HAD BEEN SOLVED.

FOR ME TO UNDERSTAND IN THE NUMBERS -- I HAVE BEEN A FINANCIAL EDITOR AND FINANCIAL REPORTER ALL MY CAREER.

UNDERSTANDING FROM THE NUMBERS THAT THERE'S STILL SUCH A BIG GAP, I THOUGHT IT WAS NOTEWORTHY AND PEOPLE SHOULD KNOW IT.

>> WHY DID YOU FOCUS ON ATLANTA?

YOU GO BACK ALL THE WAY TO RACE RIOTS IN 1906 AND FURTHER ON HOW THIS WEALTH GAP TRANSLATES INTO HOW WE SEE A MODERN AMERICAN CITY.

>> RIGHT.

ATLANTA HAS BEEN CONSIDERED THE BLACK MECCA BECAUSE OF ITS LARGE POPULATION OF BLACK AMERICANS THERE.

A LOT OF PEOPLE FEEL LIKE THAT'S A PLACE, BECAUSE OF OPPORTUNITY, THAT BLACK AMERICANS CAN MAKE IT.

IN OUR BOOK, WE HAVE A CHAPTER ON THE TWO ATLANTAS.

WE REALLY SHINE A LIGHT ON THE BLACK WEALTH GAP.

BECAUSE THERE'S A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BLACK AMERICANS WHO ARE DOING WELL ECONOMICALLY AND THE EXPERIENCES OF THOSE WHO ARE NOT.

BECAUSE OUR BOOK COVERS BLACK AMERICANS FROM ALL AREAS, PEOPLE WILL SEE THE DIFFERENCES IN ADDITION TO UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE WHITE-BLACK WEALTH GAP.

>> YOU FOLLOW GREENWOOD BANK.

FOR PEOPLE OUTSIDE OF ATLANTA WHO MIGHT NOT BE AWARE OF IT, WHY WAS THIS BANK SIGNIFICANT?

THIS WAS AN ATTEMPT TO TRY TO RIGHT WRONGS.

>> GREENWOOD BANK AS IT WAS FIRST CALLED WAS SET UP IN THE SUMMER OF 2020 BY NOTABLE PEOPLE.

THE RAPPER KILLER MIKE, HE WON THREE GRAMMYS.

HE SET IT UP IN PARTNERSHIP WITH ANDREW YOUNG, A FORMER MAYOR OF ATLANTA AND A CIVIL RIGHTS LEADER.

THEY ARE FAMOUS.

PEOPLE ADMIRE THEM.

THEY SAID THAT THE MISSION OF THIS NEW COMPANY WOULD BE TO HELP CLOSE RACIAL WEALTH GAPS.

THAT REALLY EXCITED AND INTERESTED PEOPLE.

WE TALKED TO PEOPLE WHO HAD BEEN OUT AT MANY DEMONSTRATIONS IN THE SUMMER OF 2020.

YES, THEY WERE DEMONSTRATING ABOUT THE MURDER OF GEORGE FLOYD.

BUT THEY WERE ALSO DEMONSTRATING AROUND SYSTEMIC INEQUITIES.

MONEY WAS ON MANY PEOPLE'S MINDS.

THIS OFFERED A SOLUTION.

PEOPLE ACROSS THE ENTIRE COUNTRY SIGNED UP.

THIS IS A NATIONAL COMPANY.

IT'S A TECHNOLOGY COMPANY THAT IS A BANKING PLATFORM.

THEY WERE VERY EXCITED.

THEY WERE HOPING GREENWOOD WOULD MAKE LENDING MORE INCLUSIVE.

>> DID IT WORK?

>> SO FAR, GREENWOOD HAS NOT HAD THE TRACTION AND THE EFFECT THAT PEOPLE WERE HOPING FOR AT THE BEGINNING.

I WILL SAY, YOU KNOW, STARTUPS TAKE A LONG TIME TO COME TO FRUITION.

THE STORY IS NOT FULLY TOLD.

WE THINK THE FOUNDERS HAD REALLY GOOD INTENTIONS.

IT'S A HARD PATH TO PURSUE TO CHANGE THINGS.

REMEMBER, THE WHOLE FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE REALLY IS SET UP AND RUN BY LARGELY WHITE-OWNED ENTITIES.

FOR SOMEBODY TO COME IN AND TRY GO SOMETHING WITH BLACK CAPITAL, IT'S DIFFICULT TO CHANGE THINGS.

>> YOU HAVE A CHARACTER IN THE BOOK.

SHE SAYS IT'S MORE DIFFICULT FOR BLACK ENTREPRENEURS TO GET STARTED.

BLACK AMERICANS HAVE FEWER CONTACTED WHO CAN FORM BUSINESS PARTNERSHIPS AND INVEST.

PART OF IT IS GETTING A LOAN.

NUMEROUS STUDIES HAVE SHOWN BLACK BUSINESSOWNERS HAVE NOT BEEN TREATED EQUALLY.

BLACK AMERICANS ARE NOT OFFERED AS MANY CREDIT OPTIONS AS WHITE BORROWERS.

EVEN WHEN BLACK AMERICANS BECOME ENTREPRENEURS, THEY SOMETIMES STRUGGLE TO GET CAPITAL TO SUPPORT THEIR OPERATIONS.

WHAT WERE THE EXPERIENCES THAT SHE WAS SHARING WITH YOU ABOUT THIS INEQUITY IN.

>> SHE WAS TRYING TO RAISE UP HER FAMILY'S ECONOMIC FORTUNE.

HER FAMILY HAS FARMLAND IN NORTH CAROLINA.

SHE WAS TRYING TO FIGURE OUT WHAT TO DO WITH IT AND HOW TO TRANSLATE THAT INTO AN ECONOMIC MOBILITY MOVEMENT FOR HER FAMILY.

SHE TALKED WITH US ABOUT HER STRUGGLES AS A ENTREPRENEUR.

I WOULD LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT SOME OTHER STRUGGLES SHE FACED.

SHE WANTED TO BECOME A HOMEOWNER.

THAT'S ONE OF THE DRIVERS FOR WEALTH IN OUR COUNTRY.

AFTER THREE YEARS OF TRYING, SHE FACED ISSUES WITH UNEMPLOYMENT.

AT THE SAME TIME, SHE WAS TRYING TO START A BUSINESS.

SHE STILL HAD NOT BEEN ABLE TO PURCHASE A HOME THREE YEARS LATER.

>> LOUISE, ONE OF THE CHARACTERS WE MEET IN THE BOOK IS BROOK BACON WHO IS BLACK AND MARRIED TO A WHITE WOMAN.

EVEN IN THE DYNAMIC OF JUST THIS INTERRACIAL RELATIONSHIP, YOU ARE ABLE TO TEASE OUT THE DIFFERENT FINANCIAL TREND LINES GOING BACK IN HISTORY THROUGH THEIR FAMILIES.

>> YES.

BROOK AND HIS WIFE WERE AN INTERESTING EXAMPLE.

WE WERE ACTUALLY ABLE TO TRACE BACK THEIR FAMILY LINES BACK TO THE 1860s.

THERE'S DATA WE RUN THROUGH THE BOOK ON THE SIZE OF THE BLACK-WHITE WEALTH GAP.

AFTER 1860, THE AVERAGE WHITE FAMILY HAD 58 TIMES THE WEALTH OF THE AVERAGE BLACK FAMILY.

IT TURNED OUT WHEN WE TRACED HER FAMILY BACK, AND WHEN WE TRACED HIS FAMILY BACK, A WHITE FAMILY AND A BLACK FAMILY, THE RATIO OF THEIR WEALTH WAS 58 TO 1.

HERE WE HAD THIS COUPLE LIVING TODAY.

THEIR PRIOR GENERATIONS WERE AT THE AVERAGE OF WHAT HAPPENED TO OUR COUNTRY.

WE UNDERSTOOD THROUGH THEIR GRANDPARENTS, GREAT GRANDPARENTS, ALL THE WAY, THE DIFFERENT THINGS THAT HAPPENED WITH THEM.

HER FAMILY IS NOT A SUPER RICH FAMILY.

BUT THERE WERE THINGS SHE HAD BEEN ABLE TO DO, HER PARENTS HAD BEEN ABLE TO DO.

THEY REALLY GO THROUGH A RACIAL RECKONING IN THE NARRATIVE AND THE STORY OF OUR BOOK BECAUSE THERE WAS A TERRIBLE TRAGEDY IN THE SUMMER OF 2020.

HIS FATHER WAS SHOT BY A POLICE OFFICER.

WE FOLLOWED THE STORY OF WHAT THEY DID TO COME TO TERMS WITH THAT.

WE WENT ON A JUSTICE WALK WITH THEM.

IT WAS A 63-MILE JUSTICE WALK AND HEARD THE STORY.

IN REFLECTING WITH THEM OVER THE YEARS -- WE HAD MANY INTERVIEWS.

AT ONE POINT SHE SAID TO US, SHE HADN'T REALIZED, BUT IN HER BEING A WHITE PERSON AND HER MARRYING A BLACK PERSON THE WAY SHE PUT IT WAS, SHE HAD TAKEN ON SYSTEMIC DEBT.

SHE WAS REFERRING TO THE STUDENT LOANS THAT HE HAD NOT PAID OFF AT THAT POINT.

IT WAS INTERESTING HEARING BOTH OF THEIR PERSPECTIVES OF HOW THEIR LIFE AND THEIR FINANCES AND THE LEGACY OF THEIR RACES WERE INTERTWINED IN THEIR MARRIAGE.

>> EBONY, THIS TRAGEDY THAT LOUISE MENTIONED.

IT LED TO A FINANCIAL WINDFALL.

WHAT HAPPENED TO THAT MONEY?

>> BROOK TOOK THAT MONEY THAT HE WAS AWARDED FROM THE STATE OF GEORGIA AND HE SHARED IT WITH SOME OF HIS RELATIVES.

HE HAD RELATIVES THAT HAD HELPED BURY HIS FATHER.

HE ALSO WANTED TO HELP HIS MOM.

THEN HE ALSO WAS ABLE TO SAVE THAT MONEY AND HE TALKED WITH US ABOUT HOW IT SET HIM UP FOR GENERATIONAL WEALTH FOR HIS CHILDREN.

HE IS SAVING A PORTION OF THAT TO HELP HIS FAMILY IN THE FUTURE.

OF COURSE, NO AMOUNT OF MONEY CAN EVER REPLACE A LOVED ONE.

>> LOUISE, ONE OF THE PEOPLE IN BROOK'S FATHER'S CASE WAS JAMES WOODALL WHO WAS AT THE TIME THE PRESIDENT OF THE NAACP IN GEORGIA.

HE SERVED EIGHT YEARS IN THE MILITARY.

YOU POINT OUT ALL THESE STRUCTURAL DISADVANTAGES EVEN IN THEIR OWN LIVES.

>> JAMES WOODALL WAS A RISING STAR IN THE NAACP.

YOU PROBABLY SAW HIM ON TELEVISION IN 2020, BECAUSE HE WAS OUT THERE TALKING ABOUT SOME OF THE DIFFERENT POLICE SHOOTINGS AND CASES THAT YEAR.

WE EXAMINED HIS FAMILY'S TRAJECTORY AND HIS LIFE.

WHEN HE WAS A CHILD, HIS MOM WAS MOVING HIM AROUND ALL THE TIME.

THEY MOVED MANY, MANY TIMES A YEAR AS THEY STRUGGLED AND AS SHE STRUGGLED TO PAY THE RENT IN MANY PLACES.

SOMETIMES WHEN SHE NEEDED TO GET CREDIT TO KEEP ON THE ELECTRICITY, SHE USED HIS SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER OR HIS SIBLING'S SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER.

WHEN HE WAS AN ADULT, HE HAD TARNISHED CREDIT.

SHE TOOK OUT STUDENT LOANS TO HAVE FUNDING TO HELP FEED HER CHILDREN.

HIS MOTHER, I THINK A LOT OF READERS WILL EMPATHIZE WITH HER.

HIS STORY IS VERY MOVING AND IT HELPS YOU UNDERSTAND -- SOMETIMES YOU SEE SOMEONE AT THE FOREFRONT OUT THERE AT THE FRONT OF THE LINE FOR THE NAACP AND YOU DON'T KNOW THEIR STORY.

HE LIVED A STORY OF STRUGGLES.

ONE OF THE THINGS THAT COMES THROUGH WHEN YOU FOLLOW HIS STORY IS THAT HE PUSHED INSIDE THE NAACP FOR CHANGE.

HE PUSHED FOR THE NAACP TO PAY MORE OF ITS STATE LEADERS.

MANY OF THE POSITIONS ARE VOLUNTEER.

WHEN HE PUSHED FOR REFORM, HE REALLY RUFFLED FEATHERS.

HIS STORY IS A GOOD ONE TO READ.

>> EBONY, IF YOU COULD FOR PEOPLE WHO HAVEN'T BEEN PAYING ATTENTION TO THE STRUCTURAL FORCES OF WHAT REINFORCE -- WHAT CREATED THESE WEALTH GAPS, GOING BACK IN WOODALL'S CASE TO HIS GRANDFATHER AND THE G.I.

BILL, ALL THE WAY TO RED LINING, WHAT ARE SOME OF THE BIG STRUCTURAL CAUSES FOR AN INCREASE IN THIS WEALTH GAP?

>> I THINK WE HAVE TO GO BACK TO THE BEGINNING WHEN BLACK AMERICANS WERE ENSLAVED PEOPLE.

THAT'S THE BEGINNING OF WORKING AND NOT BEING PAID.

WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE WEALTH GAP.

AS WE MOVE THROUGH HISTORY, AS LOUISE AND I COVER IN THIS BOOK, YOU PEOPLE WILL SEE POINTS WHERE PROGRAMS WERE IN PLACE, SOMETIMES THEY WERE EXCLUSIONARY, SOMETIMES THERE WERE PROGRAMS THAT HAD -- WERE NOT PROPERLY SET UP IN A WAY FOR BLACK AMERICANS TO PARTICIPATE OR TO THRIVE IN THEM.

YOU MENTIONED THE G.I.

BILL.

THAT'S A GOOD ONE TO MENTION.

WHEN IT WAS SET UP TO BENEFIT VETERANS OF WORLD WAR II, IT WAS FOR ALL VETERANS, REGARDLESS OF RACE.

IT WAS NOT ADMINISTERED AT A FEDERAL LEVEL.

IT WAS ADMINISTERED IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES.

BECAUSE OF THAT AND BECAUSE THERE WAS DISCRIMINATION ON THE LOCAL LEVEL IN SOME COMMUNITIES, MANY BLACK AMERICANS, THE VAST AMOUNT THAT WERE VETERANS AND TRIED TO USE THE BILL WERE NOT ABLE TO.

THERE ARE SOME ESTIMATES THAT LESS THAN 3% OF BLACK AMERICANS WERE ABLE TO USE THE G.I.

BILL FOR HOUSING.

IT WAS, OF COURSE, SET UP FOR HOUSING, EDUCATION AND ALSO THE ABILITY TO START BUSINESSES.

IN OUR BOOK WE HAVE MANY FAMILIES, MORE THAN HALF A DOZEN, THAT WE INTERVIEWED THAT TOLD US THEIR FAMILY STORIES ABOUT HOW THEY WERE NOT ABLE TO USE THE G.I.

BILL, WHICH CONTRIBUTED TO THE SETUP OF WHITE MIDDLE CLASS IN OUR COUNTRY.

WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THAT, THIS WAS A POINT IN HISTORY WHERE BLACK AMERICANS -- THEY WERE NOT ABLE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE BENEFIT THAT WOULD HAVE HAD AN ECONOMIC IMPACT FOR MANY OF THEM THAT WERE VETERANS.

>> AND THEIR FAMILIES.

>> EBONY, BOTH OF YOU HAVE DONE A FANTASTIC JOB OF LAYING OUT WHAT GOT US HERE.

YOU ALSO GO KIND OF A STEP FURTHER.

YOU DO HAVE A LIST OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOLUTIONS THAT YOU THINK CAN HELP IMPROVE THIS PROBLEM.

IF YOU CAN, SUMMARIZE SOME OF THOSE FOR US.

>> SURE.

ONE OF OUR PERSONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PEOPLE IS THAT AT SOME POINT IN THEIR LIVES, THEY CONSIDER WORKING ON A PROJECT OR INITIATIVE WITH A PERSON WHO IS DIFFERENT FROM THEM SO THEY CAN UNDERSTAND ANOTHER PERSON'S LIVED EXPERIENCE AND SOME OF THE ISSUES THEY ARE FACING TODAY IN SOCIETY.

LOUISE AND I ARE AN EXAMPLE OF THIS.

NOT ONLY HAVE WE WORKED TOGETHER ON THIS BOOK AND WE MAY APPEAR TO PEOPLE WITH THE VISUAL EYE THAT SHE'S WHITE AND I'M BLACK, BUT WE ALSO HAD TO WORK THROUGH GEOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES TO CREATE THIS BOOK.

I LIVE IN KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

SHE'S BASED ON THE EAST COAST.

WE HAD TO WORK THROUGH FAMILY STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES.

SHE'S MARRIED AND HAS THREE CHILDREN.

I'M SINGLE AND WAS WIDOWS IN THE PANDEMIC.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE EQUITABLE?

HOW WOULD WE PAY FOR EXPENSES RELATED TO THE BOOK, SPEND OUR TIME?

WE JUST THINK IF MORE AMERICANS WERE ABLE TO HAVE THIS EXPERIENCE THAT IT WOULD INFLUENCE HOW THEY THINK ABOUT EVERYTHING IN OUR COUNTRY FROM AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND STUDENT LOANS AND OTHER POLICIES, IF THEY COULD UNDERSTAND THE EXPERIENCE OF OTHER PEOPLE.

>> LOUISE, YOU ARE BOTH CHOOSING TO RETURN THE PROFITS FROM THIS BOOK TO DIFFERENT CAUSES.

EXPLAIN THAT.

>> YES.

THE BOOK COVERS MANY THINGS.

ONE OF THE THINGS IT DOES COVER IS HOW SOMETIMES WHITE BUSINESSES OR WHITE ENTITIES HAVE TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF BLACK AMERICANS.

I'M REALLY GRATEFUL FOR THE TIME AND THE STORIES THAT THE PEOPLE IN OUR BOOK SHARED WITH US.

THEY SHARED THEIR STORIES TO MAKE AN IMPACT.

OF COURSE, AS JOURNALISTS WE DO NOT COMPENSATE PEOPLE FOR THEIR STORIES.

THAT'S A STANDARD JOURNALISM PRACTICE.

I JUST DECIDED EARLY ON THAT I WANTED TO VOLUNTEER COMPLETELY ON THIS PROJECT.

THIS HAS BEEN A THREE-YEAR VOLUNTEER PROJECT FOR ME.

WHAT I MEAN BY THAT IS THAT I DONATED ALL PROFITS THAT I'M MAKING FROM THE BOOK.

I PLEDGED TO DO THAT PERMANENTLY.

EBONY HAS DONATED A SHARE.

WE ARE DOING THIS TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE.

OUR NUMBER ONE GOAL IS WE WANT TO MAKE 15 CENTS ON THE DOLLAR A NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED STATISTIC.

WE THINK THAT IF MORE AMERICANS KNEW THIS FIGURE, THEY WOULD THINK DIFFERENTLY ABOUT SO MANY IMPORTANT ISSUES IN OUR SOCIETY.

>> IT WAS IMPORTANT FOR US FOR PEOPLE TO KNOW THAT WE WEREN'T JUST TALKING ABOUT THEIR STORIES BUT THAT WE ALSO WANTED TO GIVE BACK AND WE WANTED TO CONTRIBUTE.

SO IT WAS A VERY EASY DECISION TO MAKE TO SAY, WE WANT TO SUPPORT CAUSES THAT ARE TIED TO EDUCATION, JOURNALISM, BLACK AMERICANS.

SO ON OUR SITE, NOT ONLY CAN PEOPLE LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BOOK, BUT THEY CAN LEARN ABOUT THE EVENTS THAT WE ARE HAVING AROUND THE COUNTRY AT COMMUNITY SYMPOSIUMS.

WE HAVE BEEN HAVING THEM AROUND THE COUNTRY.

WE HAVE MORE STOPS TO MAKE BEFORE JULY 1.

PEOPLE CAN READ ABOUT THE NON-PROFITS THAT WE ARE SUPPORTING THROUGH THIS BOOK.

>> THE BOOK IS "FIFTEEN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR: HOW AMERICANS MADE THE BLACK-WHITE WEALTH GAP."

LOUISE STORY, EBONY REED, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

>> THANK YOU.

>> THANK YOU.