How Conflicts Like the Israel-Hamas War Escalate Hate Speech

Imran Ahmed, CEO of the Center for Countering Digital Hate, explains how misinformation about Israel’s war with Hamas is amplified by social media and fueling hate speech on both sides. Ahmed tells Hari Sreenivasan why platforms like X (formerly Twitter) are facing a “tipping point,” and accuses its owner Elon Musk of trying to silence his organization under the guise of free speech.

Our partners from Amanpour & Company report on this story.

TRANSCRIPT

>> SOME ISRAELI PARENTS HAVE BEEN TOLD TO REMOVE SOCIAL MEDIA FROM THEIR CHILDREN’S PHONES WITH HORRIFIC VIDEO SPREADING ON LINE AND OF COURSE HOSTAGE VIDEOS EMERGING.

THE MISINFORMATION AND HATE SPEECH THAT CAN FILL THESE PLATFORMS CREATE A DANGEROUS ENVIRONMENT THAT EXTENDS BEYOND THE INTERNET.

–IS THE CEO OF THE CENTER FOR DIGITAL AGE AND HE IS JOINING US TO DISCUSS THE CHALLENGES OF REGULATING THIS DAMAGING CONTENT.

>> WE ALEX LANGE HATE , OUR ONGOING SERIES ON EXPORTING ANTI-SEMITISM AND RACISM .

>> YOUR CENTER FOR ENCOUNTERING DIGITAL HATE WORKS OVERTIME WHEN IT COMES TO WARS AND PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGNS THAT ARE HAPPENING.

WHAT ARE YOU SEEING ONLINE THE PAST 48, 72 HOURS AS THIS WAR HAS BROKEN OUT?

>> WE HAVE SEEN A WAVE OF MISINFORMATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS.

IT IS KIND OF UNUSABLE AT THE MOMENT.

WE HAVE BAD ACTORS AND THAT IS FOREIGN STATES, IT IS EXTREMIST BOTH FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC.

THERE ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE TRYING TO GET AS MUCH ENGAGEMENT AS POSSIBLE AND INCREDIBLY CYNICAL AND IT IS A BUSINESS MODEL FOR SOME PEOPLE.

AND ALSO ENJOY CAUSING PAIN .

AND THEN WE HAVE A PLATFORM IN WISH THE ALGORITHM AMPLIFIES THE MOST EXTREME CONTENT .

THEY DO NOT ENFORCE THEIR RULES AND IN THE CASE OF X , FORMALLY KNOWN AS TWITTER, –CONSULT THE OWNER –TO GET THE REAL TRUTH.

YOU CAN SEE THIS TIDAL WAVE OF THIS INFORMATION AND BY THE WAY THE PLATFORMS AND THEY OVERWHELM US.

I DO NOT THINK WE ARE READY FOR WHAT HAPPENS NEXT, THESE PLATFORMS HAVE IN THE LAST FEW MONTHS AND YEARS.

THINK WHAT WILL HAPPEN ONCE HAMAS STARTS LIVE STREAMING EXECUTIONS.

>> DO YOU THINK THAT IS POSSIBLE ?

I DON’T KNOW THE WAY TO STOP IT.

BETTER ALGORITHMICALLY TRYING TO FIGURE IT OUT BUT USUALLY YOU CANNOT PREDICT WHAT WILL BE ON A LIVE STREAM, SO I DON’T KNOW HOW YOU WOULD STOP IT.

>> THAT IS THE PROBLEM .

PLATFORMS HAVE NEVER SPENT ANY TIME THINKING ABOUT SAFETY BY DESIGN.

THEY HAVE PRIORITIZED THE AMOUNT OF CONTENT THAT THEY CAN GET OUT THERE .

I JUST COME FROM A MEETING WHERE –WE ARE GOING TO SEE NEXT TO A CHILD OR ELDERLY PERSON BEING HURT .

I DON’T THINK WE ARE READY FOR THE WAY IN WHICH CORPORATE MONETIZE MISINFORMATION.

>> I WANT TO POINT OUT I KNOW ELON MUSK DELETED THOSE SPECIFIC TWEETS AND HE TWEETED AS ALWAYS, TRY TO STAY AS CLOSE TO THE TRUTH AS POSSIBLE.

GOING TO THE PLATFORM THAT IS CONTROLLED BY HIM , HIS ROLE IN SPREADING THIS INFORMATION SEEMS SINGULAR .

WE DO NOT SEE MARK ZUCKERBERG OR ANYONE ON THEIR PLATFORMS DOING WHAT HE DOES >> HE IS THE PERSONIFICATION OF A SYSTEMIC PROBLEM.

I HAVE NO REAL ISSUE WITH ELON MUSK THE MAN I AM SURE HE IS QUITE REALLY AT ENGINEER AND I AM SURE HE IS A GREAT DAD.

I DO NOT KNOW ABOUT THE INDUSTRY THAT HE REPRESENTS.

REALLY HE REPRESENTS DIFFERENCE TO HUMAN SAFETY, THE INDIFFERENCE TO THE HARM THAT GOVERNS THESE PLATFORMS AND GREED IN ADVERTISING OVER HUMAN SAFETY.

HE IS SAYING OUT LOUD WHAT MARK ZUCKERBERG, THE HEAD OF FACEBOOK AND INSTAGRAM HAS NOT –BUT DO ALL THE TIME WHICH IS PUT PROFITS BEFORE PEOPLE.

>> IN THE CASE OF X, THERE HAS BEEN IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS A TOTAL FLIP.

I ONCE HAD A VERIFIED BLUE CHECKMARK BECAUSE I WAS A JOURNALIST AND THAT CHECKMARK WENT AWAY AND WAS REPLACED BY PEOPLE WHO WERE WILLING TO PAY A FEW DOLLARS A MONTH FOR THAT CHECKMARK, MYSELF NOT INCLUDED .

WHAT DOES THAT DO TO HOW WE THINK OF A FACT OR SOMETHING THAT IS VERIFIABLE ?

>> THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR SOME YEARS.

WHAT BECAME APPARENT TO ME IS THAT –SOCIETIES AROUND THE WORLD NOW DO THINGS LIKE SHARE INFORMATION AND NEGOTIATE VALUES BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY THE INFORMATION THAT WE DECIDE TO CALL FAX HAS SHIFTED TO ONLINE SPACES, TWO GROUPS , TWO THAT WAS CONTROLLED BY SOCIAL MEDIA ALGORITHMS.

WHAT WAS BEING PRIORITIZED WAS THE MOST EXTREME TO A LENS THROUGH WHICH YOU SEE THE WORLD WAS DISTORTED TO BRING THE FRINGES TOWARDS THE MIDDLE.

WITHOUT ANY WARNING LIKE YOU WOULD GET IN , THINGS MAY APPEAR CLOSER THAN THEY REALLY ARE GREAT ACTUALLY WHAT YOU HAVE BEEN TOLD IS THIS IS THE GLOBAL DEBATE.

A LOT OF PEOPLE WERE FOOLED INTO THINKING THINGS ARE QUITE MAINSTREAM AND IT HAS SHAPED OUR POLITICS GLOBALLY AS A RESULT.

THAT HAS AFFECTED JOURNALISTS AND POLITICIANS.

NONE OF US CAN SAY THAT WE SAW THE PROBLEM AND WE DEALT WITH IT.

>> WHEN THERE IS MISS INFORMATION AND DISINFORMATION SPREADS AS RAPIDLY AS IT DOES ON THESE PLATFORMS, WALK US THROUGH THE CONSEQUENCES .

WHAT DOES THAT DO TO THE CONSUMER OF THE INFORMATION?

WHAT DOES THAT DO TO THE ACTORS IN THE FIELD IF THEY FALL PREY TO IT?

>> THERE ARE DIFFERENT MOMENTS OF DISINFORMATION.

THE BRICK OF DISINFORMATION THAT CHANGES THE LENS THAT PEOPLE SEE THE WORLD AND HAS THEM SEE THE WORLD IN A DIFFERENT WAY AND GIVES THEM A PRECURSOR TO HATE.

LYING AND CHEATING HAVE ALWAYS BEEN CONNECTED IF THEY ACTUALLY REFLECT –THEY CREATE THE CONDITIONS FOR HATE.

THEY GIVE PEOPLE THE MOTIVATION TO , THE CREATION OF FAKE EMERGENCIES AND –WE MUST DO SOMETHING ABOUT THESE PEOPLE THAT I HAVE BEEN TELLING YOU ABOUT.

THE TRUTH IS –NO ONE KNOWS THAT BETTER THAN JEWISH PEOPLE WHETHER IT BE 2000 YEARS AGO OR IT BE –THAT INFORMED ADOLF HITLER’S IDEOLOGY.

LIFE ALWAYS HAD A CRITICAL PART OF HATE.

WE HAVE URGE THEM TO ADOPT STRICT WAYS AS POSSIBLE FOR — THAT IS INCREDIBLY FAMILIAR BECAUSE WE KNOW THEY LEAD DIRECTLY TO PEOPLE DOING CHARITABLE THINGS.

LET’S TAKE THE GREAT REPLACEMENT 30 WHICH IS THE THEORY THAT THEY ARE TRYING TO BRING IN –THAT LED TO THE SLAUGHTER OF JUICE IN PITTSBURGH AT THE TREE OF LIFE SYNAGOGUE AND IT LED DIRECTLY TO — WITH A CONSPIRACY THEORY AND IT LED TO THE MURDER OF MY COLLEAGUE –AND THE BRITISH EU REFERENDUM WHICH STARTED ME ON MY JOURNEY.

>> I GUESS IN THE PAST 72 HOURS , HAVE YOU SEEN EXAMPLES OF ANTI-JEWISH SOCIAL MEDIA CONTENT?

ANTI-ARAB, ANTI-PALESTINIAN ?

>> THE TRUTH IS , BECAUSE PLATFORMS IN THE LAST FEW YEARS HAVE BECOME –THEY HAVE REDUCED THE AMOUNT OF STAFF AND BECAUSE THEY HAVE BECOME LESS TRANSPARENT , IN PART AS A REACTION TO THE GROWING AWARENESS MONTH OF LEGISLATORS AND THESE PLATFORMS ARE QUITE PROBLEMATIC.

THEY MADE THEMSELVES HARDER TO STUDY.

IN THE MOST EXTREME CASES HE TRIED TO STUDY THEM , IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO QUANTIFY IN THIS PARTICULAR , WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE .

WHAT I CAN SAY IS IF YOU SPEAK TO ANYONE, IF YOU AND I USE SOCIAL MEDIA AND WE LOOK AT THE NEWSFEED IT IS ALMOST UNUSABLE BECAUSE THERE IS A HUGE AMOUNT OF DISINFORMATION INTERMINGLING MINGLING SEAMLESSLY WITH GOOD INFORMATION AND IT MAKES IT A JOB UNTO ITSELF TO READ SOCIAL MEDIA AND TRY TO WORK OUT WHAT IS TRUE.

IT IS THE FIRST TIME THAT I CAN REMEMBER WHERE MY FIRST INSTINCT TO SWITCH ON SOCIAL MEDIA, I QUICKLY SWITCHED IT OFF AND I TURNED ON CNN OR BBC BECAUSE I NEEDED TO HAVE ACCESS TO HIGH-QUALITY , MAYBE NOT SUPER UP-TO-DATE BUT TIMELY FACT CHECK AND GOOD INFORMATION PAID >> I DON’T WANT TO AMPLIFY THE MISINFORMATION BUT GIVE US EXAMPLES OF THE KINDS OF THINGS THAT YOU ARE SEEING ONLINE .

>> WE HAVE A POLICY TO NOT TALK ABOUT INDIVIDUAL MEMES , WE ARE SEEING THINGS THAT DEHUMANIZE IS REALLY AND DEHUMANIZE JEWS .

THEY WILL INFLATE THE NUMBERS THAT ON ONE SITE AND DEFLATE THE NUMBERS ON THE OTHER SIDE.

THE TRUTH IS, WE ARE ALSO BEYOND HUMAN UNDERSTANDING.

ATROCITIES .

WOMEN RAPED , PEOPLE MURDERED AND WE ALSO SEE PEOPLE REACTING TO THOSE WITH JOY.

IN ANY WAY IN LIFE IF YOU REACT TO SOMEONE BEING TREATED RUDELY BY JUMPING FOR JOY, IF YOU DID IT ON THE STREET YOU WOULD QUICKLY REALIZE THERE ARE CONSEQUENCES FOR BEHAVIOR LIKE THAT.

SOCIAL MEDIA GIVES YOU MORE CLOUT, MORE FOLLOWERS AND MORE MONEY AND THAT IS A SERIES OF DANGEROUS INCENTIVES .

>> I SHOULD MENTION ELON MUSK’S PLATFORM IS TRYING TO SUE YOU AND THEY SAY YOU ARE UNJUSTLY TARGETING PEOPLE YOU DON’T AGREE WITH ATTEMPTING TO AFFECT FREE SPEECH AND ILLEGALLY GAIN PEOPLE’S PASSWORDS.

I KNOW YOU HAVE TO RESPOND LEGALLY, BUT WHAT CAN YOU SAY ABOUT THE LAWSUIT BUT THE INITIAL REPORT OF THIS?

HAS BEEN THE INITIAL REPORT WAS A STUDY WE DID ON TWITTER LOOKING AT THE NUMBER OF TIMES THAT SEVEN OF THE MOST EXTREME SLURS AGAINST BLACK PEOPLE , AGAINST GAY , WOMEN, JEWS, WE USED THIS PLATFORM AND WHAT WE FOUND IS THE USE OF THE N WORD TRIPLED.

HE LEFT THOUSANDS OF THEM OFF THAT HE PREVIOUSLY SUSPENDED READ HE SAID IT IS FREE SPEECH.

IN DOING SO HE GAVE THEM POSSIBLE SAYING WE ARE NOT GOING TO ENFORCE THE RULES ANYMORE.

I THINK THAT WAS BASICALLY US SAYING DO YOU LIKE THE REFLECTIONS THAT YOU SEE?

MOST PEOPLE DON’T LIKE THE REFLECTION IN THE MIRROR, HE SEES THE MIRROR AND HE SAYS HOW DARE YOU SHOW MY IMAGE TO BE UGLY BECAUSE I MUST BE PERFECT FOR I AM ELON MUSK.

I THINK HE IS DOING THIS BECAUSE WE REFLECTED BACK THE REALITY OF HIS PLATFORM.

THERE IS A QUESTION OF TAKING US THE COURT .

WE HAVE CONFIDENCE THAT WE WILL DEFEAT HIM IN COURT.

THE TRUTH STILL MATTERS IN THE COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES.

WE HOPE THAT WHEN HE TAKES HIS OF THE CASTLE AND HE CAN SAY WHATEVER HE WANTS AND HE CAN BOOST HIMSELF , IN COURT I HAVE A EQUAL VOICE.

>> JIM JORDAN ALSO SUBPOENAED YOUR ORGANIZATION BECAUSE HE BELIEVED YOU WERE WORKING WITH THE GOVERNMENT AND WERE CHARGED TO CENSOR AMERICANS.

>> WE HAVE GOTTEN ABOUT 100 EMAILS BETWEEN US AND, BOTH FROM THE ADMINISTRATION AND THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION WITH THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION WE WORKED ON, AND MIKE POMPEO WROTE ME A NICE LETTER SAYING THANK YOU FOR THE WORK YOU DID.

WE HAVE HAD CONVERSATIONS WITH THE GOVERNMENT.

I AM –WITH GOVERNMENTS.

WE DO NOT TAKE ANY MONEY FROM GOVERNMENTS OUR TECH COMPANIES.

WE ARE AN INDEPENDENT ORGANIZATION THAT REPRESENTS THE PEOPLE.

>> CONSIDERING HOW YOU ARE WORKING WITH LEGISLATORS IN THE UK AND THE EU, WHAT IS THE ROLE FOR THE REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT AND WHAT CAN THE UNITED STATES DO ?

IT SEEMS LIKE ACROSS THE POND THERE ARE ATTEMPTS TO TRY TO FIGURE THIS OUT WHEREAS THE U.S. NOT SO MUCH.

>> IT IS INTERESTING.

FIVE OR SIX YEARS AGO I SAID TO THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT IF YOU COULD JUST GIVE ME A LAW THAT SAID COMPANIES HAVE TO ABIDE BY THEIR OWN RULES I WOULD GO OFF AND RETIRE WITH MY CAT.

FIVE OR SIX YEARS LATER THEY INTERESTING.

THEY BASICALLY SAID THERE ARE FOUR COMPONENTS TO SAFETY ONLINE SOME ARE HEALTHIER AND PRODUCTIVE AND PROSPEROUS , TRANSPARENCY.

WITHOUT TRANSPARENCY YOU CANNOT HAVE MEANINGFUL ACCOUNTABILITY .

THERE IS A BILL FOR ACCOUNTABILITY REGULATOR IN THE U.S. YOU NEED THE TRANSPARENCY OTHERWISE THEY ARE NOT LOOKING AT THE CORRECT DATA.

IF THEY ARE HARMED AND PLATFORMS ARE NEGLIGENT THEY SHOULD BE HELD PARTLY RESPONSIBLE BECAUSE YOU CREATE AN ECONOMIC DISINCENTIVE OF THEM DOING THE WRONG THING IT ACROSS ALL THREE COMPONENTS , IF YOU GET THEM IN PLACE THEN YOU DO NOT NEED THEM ANYMORE .

THAT IS WHAT EVERY OTHER INDUSTRY HAS .

EVERY INDUSTRY HAS TO THINK IT IS UNIQUE SOCIAL MEDIA COMPANIES THAT, THAT FRAMEWORK — WHERE GOVERNMENTS AROUND THE WORLD ARE IMPLEMENTING AND WE WOULD LIKE TO SEE IT IN THE U.S. , I THINK WE ARE A FEW YEARS AWAY FROM IT.

IT HAS NOT RESTRICTED FREEDOM OF SPEECH , IT HAS MADE A HEALTHY PLATFORM ONLINE IN WHICH THE ALGORITHMS AND ENFORCEMENT AND THE WAY THEY RUN HELPS HUMANITY AND DOES NOT HINDER IT.

>> COFOUNDER AND CEO THE COFOUNDER OF –THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.