{"id":318,"date":"1999-09-22T13:29:36","date_gmt":"1999-09-22T17:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/?p=318"},"modified":"2012-07-26T11:30:24","modified_gmt":"2012-07-26T15:30:24","slug":"illness-and-treatment-ethics-and-the-world-of-medicine-procedures-for-teachers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/1999\/09\/22\/illness-and-treatment-ethics-and-the-world-of-medicine-procedures-for-teachers\/318\/","title":{"rendered":" Procedures For Teachers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Prep<\/strong> &#8212; <a href=\"#1\">Preparing for the lesson<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Steps<\/strong> &#8212; <a href=\"#2\">Conducting the lesson<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Extension<\/strong> &#8212; <a href=\"#3\">Additional Activities<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"1\" name=\"1\"><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Prep<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Media Components<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>R&amp;E videos connected to segments listed below.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Computer Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>computers with Internet access<\/li>\n<li>LCD projector and projection screen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>&#8220;MUST SEE&#8221; RESOURCES<\/strong><br \/>\nThe following nine resources are necessary for this lesson plan; the &#8220;additional resources&#8221; listed later will enrich the lesson to the extent that teacher and classroom time allow their use.<\/p>\n<p><strong>R&amp;E NEWSWEEKLY<\/strong><br \/>\n(These sites include many links to other resources and lists of additional recommended readings.)<\/p>\n<ul><strong>&#8220;Brain Gain&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJuly 15, 2005<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week846\/feature.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week846\/feature.html<\/a><br \/>\nRecent revolutionary breakthroughs in brain technology (neurotechnology\/neuroscience) and the growing use of &#8220;smart pills&#8221; raise ethical concerns about the long-term effects on mental and physical health.<strong>&#8220;Drug Testing on Children&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJanuary 18, 2002<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week520\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week520\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nThe testing of new drugs and therapies on children raises ethical questions and points to a major issue: weighing the possible test benefits against the dangers to the participants who are too young to give informed consent.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Compassion Sabbath&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJune 15, 2001<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week442\/feature.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week442\/feature.html<\/a><br \/>\nThrough &#8220;Compassion Sabbath,&#8221; founded to improve end-of-life care in the United States, clergy are learning how to improve their ministry to the dying and to negotiate ethical and emotional issues associated with a &#8220;good death.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Ethics of Clinical Trials&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJuly 29, 2005<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week848\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week848\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nClinical trials of new drugs or medical treatments have significant implications for patients. But these trials cannot take place unless people are willing to participate. The challenge is to ensure that trials are conducted ethically.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Genetic Enhancement&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nAugust 17, 2007<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week1051\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week1051\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nWhat if new possibilities in areas of gene therapy and treatment are used not only to cure but also to enhance physical and mental capabilities, or to enable parents to select the traits of their children? This medical breakthrough in genetics raises significant moral and ethical concerns.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Palliative and Hospice Care for Dying Children&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nSeptember 7, 2001<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week501\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week501\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nFewer than 10 percent of children with life-ending chronic illnesses receive the end-of-life hospice care available for adults. The absence of such care influences families&#8217; emotional experiences as they deal with the pain of a dying child and their grief.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Prolonging Life&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nMay 21, 2004<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week738\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week738\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nWhat should you do when someone you love is in what doctors call a persistent vegetative state? Remove the feeding tube or indefinitely keep alive someone doctors say will never recover? It is a moral dilemma facing and dividing some families.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Refusal to Treat&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJune 3, 2005<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week840\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week840\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nIn 2004, 14 states (of 46 with health care &#8220;conscience clauses&#8221;) proposed to expand the clauses not only to cover contraceptive services &#8212; even in the case of rape victims &#8212; but also to allow pharmacists to refuse to fill any prescription if it offends their moral convictions. Opponents say such legislation clearly violates a patient&#8217;s rights and sets a dangerous legal precedent.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;What&#8217;s a Life Worth? End-of-Life Care&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nSeptember 19, 2003<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week703\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week703\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nCurrently, 28 percent of Medicare&#8217;s budget is spent on reimbursements to people over the age of 65 in their last year of life &#8212; the bulk of which is spent in the last 30 days, amounting to about $75 billion. Can society afford to continue this kind of spending on costly and usually futile life-sustaining treatments for the elderly?<\/ul>\n<p><strong>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Print Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K\u00fcbler-Ross, Elizabeth. &#8220;On Death and Dying: What the Dying Have to Teach Doctors, Nurses, Clergy and Their Own Families.&#8221; JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGION 11, no. 3 (Sep. 1972): 309-310<\/p>\n<p>R&amp;E NEWSWEEKLY 2004 VIEWER&#8217;S GUIDE. &#8220;Narrative Medicine and Ethics.&#8221; Pgs. 6-7. https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/resources\/vg_default.html (This essay includes an extensive list of additional readings and resources as well as discussion questions.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Media Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul><strong>National Institutes of Health<\/strong><br \/>\nBioethics video and Podcasts<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/videocast.nih.gov\/PastEvents.asp?c=22\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/videocast.nih.gov\/PastEvents.asp?c=22<\/a><br \/>\nRecorded presentations on a number of bioethics issues.<strong>NPR: Health and Science<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Ethics of Neuroscience Research Examined&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=4659799\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=4659799<\/a><br \/>\nRadio broadcast centered on neuroscientists discussing ethical boundaries of their work, particularly ways to link computers to the brain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>University of San Diego<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/ethics.sandiego.edu\/video\/Catalogue\/detail.asp?ID_Video=132\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/ethics.sandiego.edu\/video\/Catalogue\/detail.asp?ID_Video=132<\/a><br \/>\nVideo of &#8220;The Ethics of Genetic Enhancement: How Far Would You Go to Improve Your Game?&#8221; presentation by The Hastings Center President, Thomas H. Murray, M.D.<br \/>\nDiscussion of the human genome initiative in the context of ethical issues and concerns.<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Web Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>R&amp;E NEWSWEEKLY <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul><strong>&#8220;Dr. Francis Collins&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJuly 21, 2006<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week947\/profile.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week947\/profile.html<\/a><br \/>\nProfile of the director of the National Human Genome Research Institute.<strong>&#8220;Dr. John Collins Harvey&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nMay 21, 2004<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week738\/interview.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week738\/interview.html<\/a><br \/>\nDiscussion about feeding tube decisions with a Catholic moral theologian-doctor who heads the bioethics committee at Georgetown University Hospital. (Extension of R&amp;E segment &#8220;Prolonging Life.&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Dr. Rachel Remen&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nApril 7, 2006<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week932\/profile.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week932\/profile.html<\/a><br \/>\nAs the director of the Institute for the Study of Health and Illness, Dr. Remen encourages fellow physicians to reclaim the soul of medicine through participation in a special project, &#8220;Finding Meaning in Medicine.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Dr. Roseanne Cooke&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nNovember 8, 2002<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week610\/cook.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week610\/cook.html<\/a><br \/>\nDiscussion about health care with a nun-doctor who practices medicine in a poor rural area. (Extension of R&amp;E segment &#8220;Nun Doctors.&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Hospital Chaplains&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nApril 13, 2001<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week433\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week433\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nHospital chaplains bring spiritual comfort to the very ill, who see faith as part of their overall medical treatment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Medical Ethics&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nAugust 23, 2002<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week551\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week551\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nEthics committees are an integral part of hospitals and medical organizations throughout the United States. Among these is a program at the MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago that teaches aspiring doctors how to integrate ethics and medicine in patient treatment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Nun Doctors&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nNovember 8, 2002<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week610\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week610\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nDr. Roseanne Cook is one of approximately 125 Catholic nuns and priests serving as physicians to the needy across rural America.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Palliative Care&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nJuly 9, 1999<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week245\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week245\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nSome hospitals have embraced the hospice approach &#8212; palliative care &#8212; to treat terminally ill patients and their families, thus offering patients a &#8220;good death.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;The Soul of a Doctor&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nSeptember 19, 2007<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week1103\/exclusive.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week1103\/exclusive.html<\/a><br \/>\nThis Web-only interview with a young Chinese Canadian emergency room doctor and writer explores some of the intersections among ethics, medicine, and spiritual life.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Spiritual Care for Cancer Patients&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nApril 2, 2004<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week731\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week731\/cover.html<\/a><br \/>\nTo equip lay leaders and clergy members with better caregiving skills and improve their understanding of what the sick have to endure, the Washington Hospital Center in D.C. offers a three-day intensive training program providing a rare glimpse into the world of the cancer patient, including causes and treatment.<\/ul>\n<p><strong>PBS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Medical Ethics of Schiavo Case&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/newshour\/bb\/health\/jan-june05\/shiavo_3-25.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/newshour\/bb\/health\/jan-june05\/shiavo_3-25.html<\/a><br \/>\nDiscussion of difficult questions and issues associated with the Terry Schiavo case.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Morning-After Pill Protest&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/newshour\/bb\/health\/jan-june05\/pill_6-30.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/newshour\/bb\/health\/jan-june05\/pill_6-30.html<\/a><br \/>\nAn increasing number of pharmacists across the country will not fill a prescription for the so-called &#8220;morning-after pill&#8221; for moral and religious reasons.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<p><strong>&#8220;A Lion in the House&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/independentlens\/lioninthehouse\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/independentlens\/lioninthehouse\/index.htm<\/a><br \/>\nFilm that follows the stories of five exceptional children and their families as they battle pediatric cancer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AMERICAN EXPERIENCE<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;The Boy in the Bubble&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/bubble\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/amex\/bubble\/<\/a><br \/>\nFilm and accompanying materials about David Vetter, a boy who lived in a &#8220;bubble&#8221; because of a rare immunity disorder. Explores the ethics of the medical profession with regard to the boy&#8217;s journey through his illness and untimely death.<\/p>\n<p><strong>BEFORE I DIE<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wnet.org\/bid\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.wnet.org\/bid\/index.html<\/a><br \/>\nOne-hour segment featuring a distinguished panel of experts who engage in a dramatic discussion about the end-of-life situations facing Americans every day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOVA Online<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Survivor M.D.&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/doctors\/oath_today.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/doctors\/oath_today.html<\/a><br \/>\nExplores the Hippocratic Oath&#8217;s place and value in the medical world.<\/p>\n<p><strong>OnLine NEWSHOUR<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>ON OUR OWN TERMS: MOYERS ON DYING<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/onourownterms\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/onourownterms\/index.html<\/a><br \/>\nSeries that explores challenges that emerge from balancing medical intervention with care and comfort at the end of life.<\/p>\n<p><strong>WITH EYES OPEN<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/witheyesopen\/about_the_series.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/witheyesopen\/about_the_series.html<\/a><br \/>\nFour-part series that explores the difficult task of contemplating our own mortality: topics include caregiving, grief, difficult decisions, and what may lie beyond death.<\/ul>\n<p><strong>General<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Dying Patients Give Researchers New Insights on Care of Terminally Ill,&#8221; October 5, 2000<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2000\/10\/001005075432.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2000\/10\/001005075432. htm<\/a><br \/>\nDiscusses the gap between the care the dying receive and what they actually want.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Children with Serious Complex Illness More Likely Than Before to Die at Home Than in the Hospital,&#8221; June 27, 2007<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2007\/06\/070626115356.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2007\/06\/070626115356.htm<\/a><br \/>\nHighlights that the percentage of children with chronic illnesses dying at home has increased, also raising questions about how caregivers, families, and policy makers should provide resources to very sick children.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<p><strong>AlterNet<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;States of Denial,&#8221; August 18, 2004<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alternet.org\/rights\/19584\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.alternet.org\/rights\/19584\/<\/a><br \/>\nArticle discussing &#8220;refusal to treat&#8221; related to emergency contraception.<\/p>\n<p><strong>American Medical Association (AMA)<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/ama\/pub\/category\/2416.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/ama\/pub\/category\/2416.html<\/a><br \/>\nInformation on the AMA&#8217;s Ethics Group and Code of Medical Ethics, coupled with other professional ethics resources.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Center for Bioethics and  Human Dignity<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbhd.org\/resources\/healthcare\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.cbhd.org\/resources\/healthcare\/index.html<\/a><br \/>\nBased at an evangelical Christian university in Illinois, its purpose is to &#8220;equip thought leaders to engage the issues of bioethics using the tools of rigorous research, conceptual analysis, charitable critique, leading-edge publication, and effective teaching.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Initiative for Pediatric Palliative Care<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ippcweb.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.ippcweb.org\/<\/a><br \/>\nEffort aimed at enhancing family-centered care for children living with life-threatening conditions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hospicecare.com\/Ethics\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.hospicecare.com\/Ethics\/index.htm<\/a><br \/>\nArticles about ethical issues of palliative care.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ludwig von Mises Institute<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Does Neuroscience Refute Ethics?&#8221; 8\/24\/2005<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mises.org\/story\/1893\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.mises.org\/story\/1893<\/a><br \/>\nDiscussion of the &#8220;moral principles&#8221; associated with neuroscience, posted by this libertarian research center based in Auburn, Alabama.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MSNBC<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Doctors&#8217; Beliefs Can Hinder Patient Care,&#8221; June 22, 2007<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.msnbc.msn.com\/id\/19190916\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.msnbc.msn.com\/id\/19190916\/<\/a><br \/>\nArticle discussing &#8220;refusal to treat&#8221; related to emergency contraception.<\/p>\n<p><strong>National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO)<\/strong><br \/>\nChildren&#8217;s Project on Palliative\/Hospice Services (ChiPPS)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nhpco.org\/i4a\/pages\/index.cfm?pageid=3409\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.nhpco.org\/i4a\/pages\/index.cfm?pageid=3409<\/a><br \/>\nChiPPS works to enhance the science and practice of pediatric hospice and palliative care, and to increase the availability of state-of-the-art services to families.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Park Ridge Center for Health, Faith, and Ethics<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Spiritual Care at the End of Life&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.parkridgecenter.org\/Page667.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.parkridgecenter.org\/Page667.html<\/a><br \/>\nMay\/June 2001 Center bulletin with articles about spirituality and end-of-life issues.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Penn State: Rock Ethics Institute<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Bioethics: Major Issues&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/rockethics.psu.edu\/bioethics\/issues\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/rockethics.psu.edu\/bioethics\/issues\/index.htm<\/a><br \/>\nArticles, case studies on bioethical issues associated with death and dying, age, and genetics, among other related topics.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Santa Clara University: Markkula Center for Applied Ethics<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/publications\/ethicalperspectives\/personalized-medicine.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/publications\/ethicalperspectives\/personalized-medicine.html<\/a><br \/>\nSection on bioethics among a rich ethics resource collection, including case studies and articles across ethical issues and concerns.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Who Gets Seen?&#8221; <\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/publications\/iie\/v8n2\/seen.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/publications\/iie\/v8n2\/seen.html<\/a><br \/>\nArticle on access to health care, with primary focus on cultural and familial barriers in addition to economic status.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SCIENCE DAILY<\/strong><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a name=\"2\"><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Steps<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Materials: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/wnet\/religionandethics\/lesson-plans\/illness-and-treatment-ethics-and-the-world-of-medicine\/organizers-for-students\/319\/\">student graphic organizers and handouts<\/a><\/li>\n<li>chart paper and markers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Teacher Preparation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Preview the lesson plan&#8217;s R&amp;E videos and related online content before presenting them to your class. Bookmark relevant Web sites on each computer in your classroom, and\/or create a handout that lists recommended sites and resources that supplement the lesson; or upload all links to an online bookmarking utility, such as www.portaportal.com, so that students can access the information on these sites. Make sure that your computer has the necessary media players, like RealPlayer or Windows Media Player, to show streaming clips (if applicable).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Procedures<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Introductory Activity:<\/strong> The Ethical Challenge<br \/>\n(one class period)<\/p>\n<p>Divide students into small groups. Log on to and reproduce the following case studies (or find others related to the R&amp;E episodes, and\/or excerpt the main scenarios presented in the episodes):<\/p>\n<ul><strong>&#8220;The Case of the Depressed Patient&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nMarkkula Center for Applied Ethics<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/dialogue\/candc\/cases\/patient.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/dialogue\/candc\/cases\/patient.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;End-of-Life Decision Making: Case 2&#8221; <\/strong><br \/>\nMarkkula Center for Applied Ethics<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/practicing\/focusareas\/medical\/conserved-patient\/case2.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/practicing\/focusareas\/medical\/conserved-patient\/case2.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Designer Babies&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nEthics Updates<br \/>\nUniversity of San Diego<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/ethics.sandiego.edu\/resources\/cases\/Detail.asp?ID=66\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/ethics.sandiego.edu\/resources\/cases\/Detail.asp?ID=66<\/a><\/ul>\n<p>Assign each group a case scenario (two or more groups may share the same one). Explain that the case scenarios represent a portion of the myriad ethical issues and concerns that emerge in the medical profession. If necessary, discuss the meaning of &#8220;ethics&#8221; and its significance in the medical field. Instruct the groups to read and analyze their respective scenarios to determine the inherent ethical challenges. (The entire class may work together on reviewing and discussing one or two of the cases, if desired.)<\/p>\n<p>Ask students to report on their initial responses to the case scenarios. Pose some or all of the following questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In analyzing the cases, what have you discovered about medical decision making?<\/li>\n<li>What ethical concerns, questions, and issues come into play when having to make such decisions?<\/li>\n<li>What are the pro and con arguments that emerge from the scenarios?<\/li>\n<li>What is your best idea right now for how to deal with the cases presented? Why would you take them on in this way?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this discussion, students weigh the ethical complexities, as well as personal assumptions that figure in medical decision making.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Activity 1:<\/strong> Structuring Thoughts About Ethics<br \/>\n(two class periods)<\/p>\n<p>Introduce students to the concepts outlined in &#8220;A Framework for Ethical Thinking&#8221; at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/practicing\/decision\/framework.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/practicing\/decision\/framework.html<\/a>. Focus on the sections that define ethics, what makes identifying ethical standards difficult, meshing approaches, and ethical decision making.<\/p>\n<p>Distribute and introduce students to the <a href=\"\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2008\/09\/five_sources.pdf\"><strong>Five Sources of Ethical Standards<\/strong><\/a>. Have students revisit the case scenarios to determine which approach(es) they used to address the ethical question and whether the approach(es) match the situation presented.<\/p>\n<p>Show students <a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/week551\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\">the R&amp;E video &#8220;Medical Ethics&#8221;<\/a> to immerse them in prominent ethical issues and concerns that emerge in the medical field. Have them jot down the key issues to discuss after they have viewed the video.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Activity 2:<\/strong> Taking the Ethics Challenge<br \/>\n(two to three class periods)<\/p>\n<p>Divide students into pairs or small groups, depending on the number of students in the class. Assign one R&amp;E video segment to each team (for fewer students, assign two segments with similar themes, where possible). Distribute <a href=\"\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2008\/09\/ethics_challenge.pdf\"><strong>Taking the Ethics Challenge<\/strong> graphic organizer<\/a>; students will complete Part I as they view the film. (Or, students may watch the video first, without taking notes.)<\/p>\n<p>After the film, ask teams to analyze the ethical concerns and questions that arise. They will elaborate on these in Part II of <strong>Taking the Ethics Challenge<\/strong>. Have them use <a href=\"\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2008\/09\/ethics_framework.pdf\"><strong>A Framework for Ethical Decision Making<\/strong><\/a> to create an outline of ethical standards for the issue noted. It is possible that team members will have conflicting points of view, which is appropriate. Have each team briefly introduce and discuss the issue with the class and note the differences of perspective that arose in deciding on ethical standards. Students might also note how they combined perspectives to ensure a unanimous result.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Culminating Activity:<\/strong> Creating an Ethical Standard<br \/>\n(two to three class periods)<\/p>\n<p>Building on the Activity 2 assignment and teamwork, have the groups revise their ethical standards outline and then write an ethical standards statement that addresses the issues presented in the film they viewed and that they would submit to a national or international policy-making ethics committee. Students might need to conduct additional research; if possible, they might contact medical ethics professors or ethics professionals at local hospitals.<\/p>\n<p>Once students have completed their standards, allow other groups to review them, making sure that each standard set is accompanied by an overview of the ethical issues and debates at hand.<\/p>\n<p>Students can submit their standards to a local hospital&#8217;s ethics committee or to a university hospital&#8217;s medical ethics program.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"3\" name=\"3\"><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Extension Activities<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Students can:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Examine the medical ethics issues that have emerged during the Iraq war to determine what combat doctors are (and\/or should be) responsible for reporting when it comes to prisoners and torture. Links to jump-start the discussion:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>TAVIS SMILEY<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Dr. Steven Miles&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/kcet\/tavissmiley\/archive\/200606\/20060630_miles.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/kcet\/tavissmiley\/archive\/200606\/20060630_miles.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>NOVA Teachers<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Life and Death in the War Zone&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/teachers\/overviews\/3106_combatdo.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/teachers\/overviews\/3106_combatdo.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>WASHINGTON WEEK<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;U. Minnesota Professor Investigates U.S.-Led Torture,&#8221; 3\/1\/07<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/weta\/washingtonweek\/voices\/200703\/0301world0.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/weta\/washingtonweek\/voices\/200703\/0301world0.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Explore the current ethical debate surrounding the relationship between medical doctors and pharmaceutical companies to take a stance on the issue and write a position paper in the form of an op-ed. Links to jump-start the discussion include:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>FRONTLINE<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;An Industry Under Fire&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/other\/themes\/underfire4.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/other\/themes\/underfire4.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>NOW<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Science for Sale&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/now\/transcript\/transcript_scienceforsale.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/now\/transcript\/transcript_scienceforsale.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Online NEWSHOUR<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Debating Drug Company Gifts&#8221;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/newshour\/bb\/business\/jan-june06\/gifts_1-25.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/newshour\/bb\/business\/jan-june06\/gifts_1-25.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Analyze the Hippocratic Oath to determine its impact on ethical decision making among medical doctors. Students assess its professional usefulness, its interpretive nature, and how it is perceived by doctors, each of whom has a unique understanding of medical ethics and responsibility. A good site that grounds students in the oath is <a href=\"http:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/doctors\/oath_today.html\" target=\"_blank\">NOVA Online: Survivor M.D., &#8220;The Hippocratic Oath Today: Meaningless Relic or Invaluable Moral Guide?&#8221;<\/a> (note links that follow the oath).<\/li>\n<li>Research the infamous Tuskegee Syphilis Study to determine how this type of study, with its secrecy and racial implications, would have played out in the 21st century. Students can also compare and contrast it to modern-day studies that are similarly controversial or bear similar implications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prep &#8212; Preparing for the lesson Steps &#8212; Conducting the lesson Extension &#8212; Additional Activities Prep Media Components R&amp;E videos connected to segments listed below. Computer Resources computers with Internet access LCD projector and projection screen &#8220;MUST SEE&#8221; RESOURCES The &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/1999\/09\/22\/illness-and-treatment-ethics-and-the-world-of-medicine-procedures-for-teachers\/318\/\" class=\"more\">More <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[17909],"class_list":["post-318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-lesson-plans"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Illness and Treatment: Ethics and the World of Medicine ~ Procedures For Teachers | September 22, 1999 | Religion &amp; Ethics NewsWeekly | PBS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Medical decision making is complex, wrought with personal, professional, societal, institutional, and, most of all, ethical implications.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Illness and Treatment: Ethics and the World of Medicine ~ Procedures For Teachers | September 22, 1999 | Religion &amp; 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