{"id":5043,"date":"2009-11-20T15:37:33","date_gmt":"2009-11-20T20:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/?p=5043"},"modified":"2013-05-10T14:45:51","modified_gmt":"2013-05-10T18:45:51","slug":"november-20-2009-flannery-oconnor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/2009\/11\/20\/november-20-2009-flannery-oconnor\/5043\/","title":{"rendered":" Flannery O&#8217;Connor"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>RAFAEL PI ROMAN<\/strong>, correspondent: Even at the end of her short life, when it became harder and harder for her to walk, Flannery O\u2019Connor went to Mass nearly every day at the Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Milledgeville, in central Georgia. She lived with her mother in an old plantation house surrounded by 1500 acres of pasture and woods. In her room after church she would write all morning, facing the back of a tall chest so that she would see no distractions. Her output was not massive\u2014two short novels, two collections of short stories, a number of essays, and a lot of letters. But today many consider her one of America\u2019s greatest writers. Since O\u2019Connor\u2019s death, more than 50 books have been written about her, one of them by Ralph Wood of Baylor University.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PROFESSOR RALPH WOOD<\/strong> (Author of <em>Flannery O\u2019Connor and the Christ-Haunted South<\/em>): Flannery O\u2019Connor is the only great Christian writer this nation has produced.\u00a0 That is an astonishing fact. Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, Twain, Emily Dickinson, Frost, Stevens: not one of them Christian, at least not orthodoxly Christian. She is a Southerner and a Catholic, she\u2019s not at the center of American culture, and yet she is our only great Christian writer.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin:6px;float:right;background-color:#CCCCCC\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2009\/11\/post0a-flannery-oconnor.jpg\" alt=\"post0a-flannery-oconnor\" width=\"280\" height=\"210\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:11px;padding:6px\">Prof. Ralph Wood<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: What makes her increasing popularity even more surprising in these secular times is the fact that O\u2019Connor was a self-proclaimed orthodox Catholic whose subject, in her words, was \u201cthe action of grace in territory held largely by the devil.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Connor was the only child in a respected and well-off family. She was fascinated by birds of all kinds, and when she was a little girl a newsreel cameraman came down to film a chicken Flannery claimed could walk backwards. Later on, her hobby centered on peacocks, a bird she saw as her personal symbol, according to her biographer, Brad Gooch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>BRAD GOOCH<\/strong> (Author of <em>Flannery: A Life of Flannery O\u2019Connor<\/em>): I think she liked it because it was a comic and gawky bird, like herself. It ate her mother\u2019s flowers and kept everyone awake all night, and then at a certain transfigurative moment tails would open, and here was all this beauty which she saw as a symbol of the way her fiction worked, and also in the Middle Ages the peacock was the symbol of Christ and the church so, you know, it all lined up for her and the peacocks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: As a young woman, O\u2019Connor went to the Iowa Writers Workshop, to the exclusive Yaddo artist\u2019s colony in Saratoga Springs, and then to New York City and Connecticut, writing all the way. Then, at the age of 25, she was forced to return home because, like her father before her, she was dying of lupus. It was back in Georgia in the 1950s that she discovered the characters for her stories.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2009\/11\/post0c-flannery-oconnor.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"210\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-15380\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>WOOD<\/strong>: Not the cotton belt, not the tobacco belt, but the ugly word the Bible belt, and for O\u2019Connor that was the glory of her region. These were the emarginated people on the sidelines of southern life in small, out of the way places.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: She wrote that her Christ-haunted characters are so cut off from orthodox Catholicism that they don\u2019t have a guide and that they are actually involved in a do-it-yourself religion that is kind of comical, sadly comical.<\/p>\n<p><strong>WOOD<\/strong>: She said, look, these are my brothers and sisters. They are as unlike me as they can be when it comes to the church and its sacraments, but they are a whole of a kind of sweated gospel, a gospel that takes God and God\u2019s world with the utmost seriousness, and therefore I\u2019ve got to attend to them.\u00a0 I cannot dismiss them, saying these are people after my own heart, and I want to write about them sympathetically.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: Father Thomas Joseph White is a Dominican priest whose conversion to Catholicism was influenced by O\u2019Connor\u2019s fiction.<\/p>\n<p><strong>FATHER THOMAS JOSEPH WHITE<\/strong>, OP (Theology Instructor, Dominican House of Studies): You don\u2019t have baptism, confession, and the Mass, which she says are, you know, the center of her life. You have instead odd and grotesque, historically surprising events where people encounter the grace of God.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin:6px 10px 6px 6px;float:left;background-color:#CCCCCC\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2009\/11\/post0d-flannery-oconnor.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"210\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:11px;padding:6px\">Father Thomas Joseph White<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: From these people her stories emerged. In \u201cWise Blood\u201d and \u201cThe Violent Bear It Away,\u201d and in twenty short stories, she told dark tales of murder and bigotry and madness, of a preacher of the Church without Christ who puts out his own eyes. Some have asked, is this Christian?<\/p>\n<p><strong>WOOD<\/strong>: She says most sins are committed by acts of immoderation, of excess, but she says there is one and only one quality that can never be sufficiently immoderate, and that is the love of God, and she saw in these backwoods, southern, I call them folk Christians more than fundamentalists, that kind of completely radical love of God in their own way.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: Talk about the importance of grace and mystery in her work.<\/p>\n<p><strong>WOOD<\/strong>: Mystery does not mean for her a kind of a fuzzy, foggy, gooey something or other. It\u2019s a very specific term for her. For her the word mystery means that which is inexhaustible in our knowledge of God, that the deeper we go in understanding who the self-declared, self-revealed God is, the more there is yet to understand, so that the greater our knowledge of God also the greater our ignorance of God, so that we know only a thumbnail of what and who God is.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: As the civil rights movement changed attitudes and language, O\u2019Connor was sharply criticized for using the N word in her writing.<\/p>\n<div style=\"float:left;background-color:#CCCCCC;margin:6px 10px 6px 6px;width:280px\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/files\/2009\/11\/post0e-flannery-oconnor.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\"><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:11px;padding:6px\">Brad Gooch, author of <em>Flannery: A Life of Flannery O&#8217;Connor<\/em><\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>GOOCH<\/strong>: She couldn\u2019t change that word because that\u2019s the way those people speak.<\/p>\n<p><strong>WOOD<\/strong>: For Flannery O\u2019Connor, race was indeed the curse of the south in the sense that it was the single-most important test which we as white Christians failed. For O\u2019Connor, the mistreatment of black people is a violation of their being creatures made in the image of God.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: In recent years, O\u2019Connor has become a favorite not only of writers and scholars but of artists and entertainers of all stripes, including Bruce Springsteen, Bono, the Coen brothers, and even Conan O\u2019Brien and the creators of the hit TV series \u201cLost.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Professor Bruce Gentry teaches at O\u2019Conner\u2019s alma mater, Georgia College and State University, and edits the <em>Flannery O\u2019Connor Review<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PROFESSOR BRUCE GENTRY<\/strong> (Editor, <em>Flannery O\u2019Connor Review<\/em>): She always talks about waking people up to the mystery of the world, and I think that puts her in a position that is similar to a lot of people in popular culture. You know, they want to create something substantial, but they also want to do it for a popular audience.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: In the process of writing his biography of Flannery O\u2019Connor, Brad Gooch says he came to admire her discipline and determination, particularly during the final months of her life.<\/p>\n<p><strong>GOOCH<\/strong>: She was staying alive through writing, and you see it at the end of her life, where it becomes a real race with death. She\u2019s working on stories which she keeps under her pillow in the hospital so the doctor won\u2019t take them away from her. She\u2019s editing one story after she\u2019s had last rites. So all of this seems to me a very clear kind of sense that this is what\u2019s keeping her alive, or why she\u2019s alive.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ROMAN<\/strong>: O\u2019Connor\u2019s admirers wonder what her legacy will be in years to come. Some say that will depend on whether future readers will understand a writer who saw \u201cthe action of grace in territory held by the devil.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m Rafael Pi Roman for Religion &amp; Ethics NewsWeekly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some have called Flannery O&#8217;Connor our only great Christian writer, a Catholic from the Deep South who said her subject was \u201cthe action of grace in territory held largely by the devil.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/pbs-wnet-preprod.digi-producers.pbs.org\/wnet\/religionandethics\/2009\/11\/20\/november-20-2009-flannery-oconnor\/5043\/\" class=\"more\">More <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":16831,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6569],"tags":[6882,17914,17915,6266,6869,6889,1635,1048,6883,6884],"class_list":["post-5043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-videocast","tag-brad-gooch","tag-catholic","tag-christian","tag-fiction","tag-flannery-oconnor","tag-grace","tag-mystery","tag-race","tag-ralph-wood","tag-south","topics-literature-and-the-arts","faith-christian"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>November 20, 2009 ~ Flannery O&#039;Connor | November 20, 2009 | Religion &amp; 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